Extracts of Talaromyces purpureogenus Strains from Apis mellifera Bee Bread Inhibit the Growth of Paenibacillus spp. In Vitro

Honey bees coexist with fungi that colonize hive surfaces and pollen. Some of these are opportunistic pathogens, but many beneficial species produce antimicrobial compounds for pollen conservation the regulation pathogen populations. In this study, we tested in vitro activity Talaromyces purpureogenus strains isolated from bee bread against Paenibacillus alvei (associated European foulbrood disease) three Aspergillus cause stonebrood disease. We found methanol extracts T. B18 B195 inhibited growth P. at a concentration 0.39 mg/mL. Bioactivity-guided dereplication revealed crude correlated presence diketopiperazines, siderophore, unknown compounds. propose non-pathogenic such as spp. their metabolites could be an important requirement to prevent Agricultural practices involving use fungicides can disrupt fungal community thus negatively affect health colonies.